Prophet Muhammad

Brief Biography Timeline: 

• 570 CE Prophet Muhammad was born 
• 575 CE Muhammad became an Orphan 
• 578 CE Muhammad came to Mecca in care of an Uncle 
• 580-594 CE (Muhammad's teenage years) while being a young boy, Muhammad worked as a shepherd to help pay his keep. In his teens he also sometimes traveled with Abu Talib who was a merchant accompanying caravans to trade centres. 
• 595-609 CE (Muhammad's marriage and family life) in 594 CE Muhammad entered the service of a wealthy Meccan merchant widow called Khadija. Later on, Khadija was impressed with Muhammad's honesty and character which led on to the two marrying. At the time he was 25 while she was almost 40. During their marriage Muhammad continued to manage Khadija's business works; and their following years were pleasant and prosperous. They had 6 children, 2 sons who unfortunately died in early, and four daughters. 
• 610 CE Muhammad received his first revelation in a mountain cave outside Mecca. It was several years until he dared to speak about it outside his family. 
• 613 CE Muhammad takes his message public. After several similar experiences, he finally began revealing the messages to his tribe. These messages were gathered verse-by-verse and later would become the Qur'an. 
• 622 CE Muhammad and the Muslims Emigrate to Medina. In 622 Muhammad and his few hundred followers left Macca and traveled to Yathrib, the Oasis town where his father was buried. Muhammad remained there for the following 6 years building the very first Muslim community and gradually gathering more and more people to Islam. 
• 625-628 CE The military period. The Meccans did not take Muhammad's new success lightly. 3 major battles in the next 3 years took place. Out of these Muslims won the first, lost the second and outlasted the third. A treaty was signed between the two sides. Meccan allies however disobeyed the treaty just a year later. 
• 630 CE The conquest of Mecca 
• 630-632 CE Muhammad's final years. Muhammad returned to live in Medina and in the next 3 years he developed most of the Arabian Peninsula under Islam. In March 632 he returned to Mecca for the last time; to perform a pilgrimage and thousands of Muslims joined him. After the pilgrimage Muhammad returned back to Medina. 3 months later on June 8th 632 CE he passed away there, after an illness. He is buried in the mosque in Medina. 

Muhammad in the Qur'an: 

Surprisingly prophet Muhammad is the least mentioned prophet in the Qur'an; he is mentioned 4 times only. 

1. "Muhammad is not but a messenger. Other messengers have passed on before him. ..." [Quran, chapter 3, verse 144]
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2. "Muhammad is not the father of [any] one of your men, but [he is] the Messenger of Allah and last of the prophets. And ever is Allah, of all things, Knowing. (40)" 
[Quran, chapter 33, verse 40]

3. " And those who believe and do righteous deeds and believe in what has been sent down upon Muhammad - and it is the truth from their Lord - He will remove from them their misdeeds and amend their condition. (2)" 
[Quran, chapter 47, verse 2]

4. "Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah; and those with him are forceful against the disbelievers, merciful among themselves...." 
[Quran, chapter 48, verse 29]